Cinco de Mayo, which means “Fifth of May” in Spanish, is often mistaken for Mexico’s Independence Day, but it actually commemorates a specific military victory.
What is Cinco de Mayo about?
The day is meant to honour the Mexican army’s unexpected win against French forces at the Battle of Puebla in 1862. Although it’s a relatively minor holiday in Mexico, especially outside the state of Puebla, it has grown into a widely celebrated event in the United States, particularly within Mexican-American communities.
The day is used to highlight Mexican culture, food, music, and traditions. For many people, it’s a time to come together and celebrate identity and pride. While the original reason for the day is rooted in a historic event, over the years it has become more about celebrating heritage and community.
What is the history of Cinco de Mayo?
The historical roots of Cinco de Mayo trace back to the Battle of Puebla, which took place during a time when Mexico was facing serious financial problems. After suspending foreign debt payments, France, Britain, and Spain sent forces to demand repayment.
Spain and Britain eventually withdrew, but France, under Napoleon III, pushed forward with the goal of expanding its empire.
On 5 May 1862, a small and poorly equipped Mexican army, led by General Ignacio Zaragoza, successfully defeated the much larger and better-armed French troops in the town of Puebla.
The victory was important symbolically, as it boosted morale during a difficult time.
Though the French eventually took over Mexico City a year later, the Battle of Puebla showed that Mexico could stand up to foreign powers. It became a symbol of resistance and national unity. In Mexico today, the day is mainly marked in Puebla with parades and reenactments, but it is not a federal public holiday.
How to celebrate Cinco de Mayo
In the United States, Cinco de Mayo is celebrated with festivals, music, traditional food, and community events.
People often host parties that feature Mexican dishes like tacos, enchiladas, and guacamole, along with drinks like margaritas. Cultural performances, such as mariachi bands and folk dancing, are also common.
Schools and community organisations sometimes use the day to teach about Mexican history and culture. It’s also a time for Mexican-Americans to reflect on their heritage and share it with others.
If you’re looking to join the celebration, you can attend a local event, try out some Mexican recipes at home, or learn more about the history of Mexico and its people.
